作者:LD投资
翻译:老辣
摘要
中国是世界第二大云计算市场。
然而,云计算仅占中国IT支出的2.7%,其IT支出仅占GDP的1.4%。相比之下,美国的云计算占IT支出的11.4%,IT支出占GDP的4.7%。
阿里巴巴(Alibaba)和腾讯(Tencent)是最有实力的公司。
中国的云计算市场已经是世界第二大市场,但仍仅是美国(世界最大)的十分之一,中国的云计算支出仅占中国IT总支出的一小部分。这表明巨大的增长空间。
中国的云计算市场正在快速增长。根据Canalys的数据,在2019年,中国的云基础设施支出增长了63.7%,达到107亿美元,使其成为全球第二大云市场,市场份额为10.8%。
然而,根据IDC的数据,与全球最大的美国公共云市场美国相比,中国的公共云市场规模微不足道,美国的云计算支出在2019年预计将达到1,240亿美元,增长了十倍以上。
(来源:Statista)
此外,根据美国国家软件与服务公司协会(NASSCOM)2019年的一份报告,中国的IT支出仅占GDP的1.4%,其IT总支出中只有2.7%用于云服务。与此相比,美国是世界上最大的云市场,其IT支出占其GDP的4.7%,其中11.4%用于公共云服务。
(来源:NASSCOM)
这表明中国云市场潜力巨大。Gartner指出,中国目前是云市场的落后国家(落后于美国四年或更长时间)。但是,该公司预计,到2023年以后,中国将成为一个跟随者(落后美国不到三年)。
(来源:Gartner)
COVID-19爆发可能会加速中国向云端的转移;在传统企业重新考虑其未来战略的驱动下,COVID-19后的复苏,中国预计将增加对云计算服务的需求,因为大流行期间的供应中断可能导致现金流问题。刚进入云市场或在COVID-19爆发期间被引诱尝试使用云服务的公司也可能最终成为付费客户。同时,企业可能会加速云计划,以促进远程工作和远程交互。
IDC预测,今年全球IT支出将下降5%,而IT基础架构支出预计将增长3.8%,达到2370亿美元,这在全球范围内也会发生。预计公司将维持其云支出,以控制成本,同时推迟其他IT支出(例如现有的内部数据中心和应用程序)的支出。
(来源:IDC)
技术市场研究公司Canalys对此表示赞同,他预计全球IaaS市场将在2020年增长32%,达到1410亿美元,到2024年增长至2480亿美元,复合年增长率为15%。
根据Canalys的数据,仅在2020年第一季度,全球云基础设施支出就增长了34%,达到310亿美元,这是由于COVID-19爆发导致的远程工作需求所驱动的,尽管这被大规模迁移的放缓所抵消企业。
云上参与者
根据CANALYS的数据,阿里云(BABA),腾讯云(OTCPK:TCEHY,OTCPK:TCTZF)和百度云(BIDU)是中国三大云公司,合计占据了三分之二的市场。 。阿里巴巴占据了46.4%的市场份额,是市场领导者。
(来源:KrASIA)
阿里巴巴为全球超过300万公司客户提供服务,其中包括38%的财富500强公司,80%的中国大陆高科技公司以及超过一半的中国A股上市公司。
并且其用户基础不断增长。自COVID-19爆发以来,阿里云服务迅速发展,约有2亿中国人使用阿里巴巴协作应用程序DingTalk在家里工作,约有5,000万学生使用该应用程序在家学习。随着应用程序流量激增了数百倍,阿里云扩大了容量以满足这一需求。
大型科技巨头提供的协作工具(如腾讯的WeChat Work和阿里巴巴的DingTalk)的活动激增,但阿里巴巴的DingTalk的下载量增幅最大,达到了惊人的1,446%。百度的搜索趋势还显示,在受欢迎程度方面,DingTalk超过了腾讯的超级应用程序,而DingTalk在2月份迅速成为中国下载量最大的应用程序。
(来源:中国互联网观察)
阿里巴巴的实力也在其国内市场以外增长。据Gartner称,阿里云是全球第三大IaaS云服务提供商,并且连续第三年是亚洲最大的云服务提供商。根据Gartner的数据,阿里巴巴在亚太地区的IaaS市场份额从2018年的26.1%增长到2019年的28.2%,并且在2020年第一季度,阿里云是唯一一家增加其市场份额的主要云公司(从5%增加到6%)。微软(MSFT)的份额从18%下降到17%,而Google(GOOG,GOOGL)和AWS(AMZN)保持各自的市场份额。
(来源:Canalys)
阿里巴巴的增长势头可能会持续下去,该公司将在未来三年内在云计算领域投资一倍,在数据中心等云基础设施上投资2000亿元人民币(合280亿美元),以支持技术发展例如AI推理芯片。
阿里巴巴在云计算领域拥有众多优势。人们已经注意到,这是满足中国公司国际化对云计算需求的理想选择。
阿里巴巴在其广泛的业务生态系统中也具有优势。它在中国投资了150多家公司,帮助其在多个行业和地区建立了一个商业帝国,涵盖了处于各个成长阶段的公司。这为阿里云创造了可观的客户群。蚂蚁金服(阿里巴巴的附属公司,是世界上最大的金融科技公司)和微博(WB)(阿里巴巴为投资者的中国微博网站)是阿里云的知名用户。
另一个主要的竞争优势是,阿里云已完全集成到其自己的电子商务市场中。例如,阿里云宣布将提供一系列电子商务解决方案,以帮助受到疫情不利影响的组织。这些解决方案使零售商能够在短短几天内启动B2C电子商务平台,并且被设计为一系列即插即用的阿里云产品和解决方案,涉及多个领域,包括计算,数据库,多媒体,视频和实时广告。流,协作,安全和数据分析,以帮助零售商开展电子商务业务。
与中国其他云计算公司相比,这使得阿里巴巴非常独特。但沃尔玛(WMT)和腾讯支持的京东(NASDAQ:JD)(阿里巴巴在中国的最大电子商务竞争对手)最近加入了云计算领域,并有可能成为强大的竞争对手。但是,阿里巴巴的先发优势使公司在竞争中遥遥领先,京东(要在阿里巴巴七年后推出云服务)可能要花几年的时间才能赶上。
尽管阿里巴巴在全球舞台上面临着与全球云巨头AWS的激烈竞争,但在中国,阿里巴巴的优势在于能够为客户提供相对更具吸引力的价值主张。与AWS相比,它不仅价格便宜得多,而且阿里巴巴与中国前三大网络提供商中国移动(CHL),中国联通(CHU)和中国电信公司的合作关系,也为大陆用户提供了低延迟。。(CHA)。
"无论是价格还是服务,AWS在中国都处于真正的劣势。"运行云评估网站91Yun的Lin Rong告诉TechCrunch。
阿里巴巴在云计算领域的独特竞争优势,加上其激进的扩张计划,表明该公司很可能会在一段时间内继续保持中国市场的领导地位。阿里巴巴公布的2019年云计算收入为人民币247亿元,约占总收入的7%。作为从中国快速增长且相对处于早期阶段的云市场中获利的最佳参与者之一,这表明云细分市场在未来占阿里巴巴收入的更大份额中具有很大的潜力。
中国第二大云公司腾讯也值得关注。腾讯为超过100万付费客户提供服务,据报道,腾讯已说服75%的游戏公司使用其云服务。
腾讯与华为结成合作伙伴关系,开发了一个云游戏平台,该平台将游戏直接流式传输到用户设备上,从而降低了游戏玩家的硬件要求(但是,这需要高速的互联网连接和强大的流媒体服务器来确保用户体验,因此与5G的主要参与者华为的合作伙伴关系)。该游戏平台将托管在腾讯自己的云基础设施上,并且预计游戏市场在2019年至2025年之间将以20%的复合年增长率增长,腾讯的云业务已准备就绪,可以随着它的发展以及腾讯之间的市场份额差距而扩大阿里巴巴可能会缩小。
(来源:Mordor Intelligence)
腾讯在云计算领域拥有自己的竞争优势。作为中国排名第一的游戏公司,它可能会拥有更多的专业知识和经验,可以满足游戏公司的云需求。腾讯还是中国第一大社交媒体公司,也是超级应用程序微信的运营商,该微信用户数达11亿。该公司已利用这一优势,据报道,至少有16万家商店,饭店和其他使用微信与客户进行沟通的运营商都使用了腾讯的云产品。
目前,云计算的市场规模为170亿人民币,仅占腾讯总收入的5%,但像阿里巴巴一样,腾讯云业务的收入份额也有望增长。
原文地址:https://seekingalpha.com/article/4346511-chinas-burgeoning-cloud-computing-market-is-tremendous-opportunity
Author: LD Investment
Translator: Lao La
Summary
China is the world's second-largest cloud computing market.
However, cloud computing accounts for only 2.7% of China's IT spending, and its IT spending accounts for only 1.4% of GDP. In contrast, cloud computing in the United States accounts for 11.4% of IT spending, and IT spending accounts for 4.7% of GDP.
Alibaba and Tencent are the strongest players.
China's cloud computing market is already the world's second-largest, but it is still only one-tenth of the United States (the world's largest). Cloud computing spending in China accounts for only a small fraction of total IT spending, indicating huge growth potential.
China's cloud computing market is growing rapidly. According to Canalys, in 2019, China's cloud infrastructure spending grew 63.7% to $10.7 billion, making it the world's second-largest cloud market with a 10.8% market share.
However, according to IDC data, compared to the United States (the world's largest public cloud market), China's public cloud market is relatively small. US cloud computing spending is expected to reach $124 billion in 2019, more than ten times larger.
(Source: Statista)
Furthermore, according to a 2019 report by the National Association of Software and Service Companies (NASSCOM), China's IT spending accounts for only 1.4% of GDP, and only 2.7% of its total IT spending goes to cloud services. In comparison, the United States is the world's largest cloud market, with IT spending accounting for 4.7% of GDP, of which 11.4% goes to public cloud services.
(Source: NASSCOM)
This indicates huge potential in China's cloud market. Gartner points out that China is currently a laggard in the cloud market (behind the US by four years or more). However, the company expects that after 2023, China will become a follower (less than three years behind the US).
(Source: Gartner)
The COVID-19 outbreak may accelerate China's shift to the cloud. Driven by traditional enterprises reconsidering their future strategies, post-COVID-19 recovery in China is expected to increase demand for cloud computing services, as supply disruptions during the pandemic may lead to cash flow issues. Companies that just entered the cloud market or were enticed to try cloud services during the COVID-19 outbreak may also eventually become paying customers. Meanwhile, enterprises may accelerate cloud plans to facilitate remote work and remote interaction.
IDC predicts that global IT spending will decline 5% this year, while IT infrastructure spending is expected to grow 3.8% to $237 billion, which will happen globally. Companies are expected to maintain their cloud spending to control costs while delaying other IT spending (such as existing on-premises data centers and applications).
(Source: IDC)
Technology market research firm Canalys agrees, expecting global IaaS market to grow 32% in 2020 to $141 billion, and grow to $248 billion by 2024, with a compound annual growth rate of 15%.
According to Canalys, in the first quarter of 2020 alone, global cloud infrastructure spending grew 34% to $31 billion, driven by remote work demand due to the COVID-19 outbreak, although this was offset by the slowdown in large-scale enterprise migrations.
Cloud Players
According to CANALYS, Alibaba Cloud (BABA), Tencent Cloud (OTCPK: TCEHY, OTCPK: TCTZF), and Baidu Cloud (BIDU) are China's three largest cloud companies, together occupying two-thirds of the market. Alibaba holds a 46.4% market share and is the market leader.
(Source: KrASIA)
Alibaba serves more than 3 million corporate customers worldwide, including 38% of Fortune 500 companies, 80% of mainland China's high-tech companies, and more than half of China's A-share listed companies.
Its user base continues to grow. Since the COVID-19 outbreak, Alibaba Cloud services have developed rapidly, with about 200 million Chinese using Alibaba's collaboration app DingTalk to work from home, and about 50 million students using the app to study at home. As app traffic surged hundreds of times, Alibaba Cloud expanded capacity to meet this demand.
Collaboration tools provided by large tech giants (such as Tencent's WeChat Work and Alibaba's DingTalk) have seen a surge in activity, but Alibaba's DingTalk has seen the largest increase in downloads, reaching an astonishing 1,446%. Baidu's search trends also show that in terms of popularity, DingTalk surpassed Tencent's super app, and DingTalk quickly became China's most downloaded app in February.
(Source: China Internet Watch)
Alibaba's strength is also growing outside its domestic market. According to Gartner, Alibaba Cloud is the world's third-largest IaaS cloud service provider and has been Asia's largest cloud service provider for three consecutive years. According to Gartner, Alibaba's IaaS market share in the Asia-Pacific region grew from 26.1% in 2018 to 28.2% in 2019, and in the first quarter of 2020, Alibaba Cloud was the only major cloud company to increase its market share (from 5% to 6%). Microsoft's (MSFT) share fell from 18% to 17%, while Google (GOOG, GOOGL) and AWS (AMZN) maintained their respective market shares.
(Source: Canalys)
Alibaba's growth momentum is likely to continue. The company will double its investment in cloud computing over the next three years, investing 200 billion yuan ($28 billion) in cloud infrastructure such as data centers to support technology development including AI inference chips.
Alibaba has many advantages in cloud computing. It has been noted that it is ideally positioned to meet the cloud computing needs of Chinese companies going international.
Alibaba also has advantages in its extensive business ecosystem. It has invested in more than 150 companies in China, helping it build a business empire across multiple industries and regions, covering companies at various stages of growth. This creates a substantial customer base for Alibaba Cloud. Ant Financial (an Alibaba affiliate and the world's largest fintech company) and Weibo (WB) (Alibaba is an investor in the Chinese microblogging site) are well-known users of Alibaba Cloud.
Another major competitive advantage is that Alibaba Cloud is fully integrated into its own e-commerce market. For example, Alibaba Cloud announced that it will provide a series of e-commerce solutions to help organizations adversely affected by the pandemic. These solutions enable retailers to launch B2C e-commerce platforms in just a few days and are designed as a series of plug-and-play Alibaba Cloud products and solutions covering multiple areas including computing, databases, multimedia, video and real-time streaming, collaboration, security, and data analysis to help retailers conduct e-commerce business.
This makes Alibaba very unique compared to other cloud computing companies in China. But Walmart (WMT) and Tencent-backed JD.com (NASDAQ: JD) (Alibaba's largest e-commerce competitor in China) have recently entered the cloud computing field and may become strong competitors. However, Alibaba's first-mover advantage keeps the company far ahead in the competition, and JD.com (launching cloud services seven years after Alibaba) may take several years to catch up.
Although Alibaba faces intense competition with global cloud giant AWS on the global stage, in China, Alibaba's advantage lies in being able to offer customers a relatively more attractive value proposition. Not only is it much cheaper than AWS, but Alibaba's partnerships with China's top three network providers China Mobile (CHL), China Unicom (CHU), and China Telecom (CHA) also provide low latency for mainland users.
"Whether it's price or service, AWS is at a real disadvantage in China," Lin Rong, who runs cloud evaluation website 91Yun, told TechCrunch.
Alibaba's unique competitive advantages in cloud computing, combined with its aggressive expansion plans, suggest that the company is likely to maintain its leadership position in the Chinese market for some time. Alibaba reported 2019 cloud computing revenue of 24.7 billion yuan, accounting for about 7% of total revenue. As one of the best-positioned players to profit from China's fast-growing and relatively early-stage cloud market, this suggests that the cloud segment has significant potential to account for a larger share of Alibaba's revenue in the future.
China's second-largest cloud company, Tencent, is also worth watching. Tencent serves more than 1 million paying customers, and reportedly, Tencent has convinced 75% of gaming companies to use its cloud services.
Tencent has partnered with Huawei to develop a cloud gaming platform that streams games directly to user devices, reducing hardware requirements for gamers (however, this requires high-speed internet connections and powerful streaming servers to ensure user experience, hence the partnership with Huawei, a major 5G player). The gaming platform will be hosted on Tencent's own cloud infrastructure, and with the gaming market expected to grow at a 20% CAGR between 2019 and 2025, Tencent's cloud business is well-positioned to expand, and the market share gap between Tencent and Alibaba may narrow.
(Source: Mordor Intelligence)
Tencent has its own competitive advantages in cloud computing. As China's number one gaming company, it likely has more expertise and experience to meet the cloud needs of gaming companies. Tencent is also China's number one social media company and the operator of super app WeChat, which has 1.1 billion users. The company has leveraged this advantage, and reportedly, at least 160,000 stores, restaurants, and other operators using WeChat to communicate with customers use Tencent's cloud products.
Currently, the cloud computing market size is 17 billion yuan, accounting for only 5% of Tencent's total revenue, but like Alibaba, Tencent's cloud business revenue share is also expected to grow.
Original Article: https://seekingalpha.com/article/4346511-chinas-burgeoning-cloud-computing-market-is-tremendous-opportunity