作者Tim Anderson
翻译自:https://www.theregister.co.uk/2020/01/02/amazon_google_microsoft_who_had_the_best_year_in_cloud_in_2019/
2019年,三家科技巨头继续主导云计算,它们都带来了一些有趣的工具,以供击败那些规模较小的参与者。
2019年云市场的大形势没有发生根本变化。三大云服务提供商(如果你考虑阿里巴巴在东亚的增长,也就是四大)都继续以惊人的速度增长。在截至2019年9月30日的季度,AWS收入同比增长34%,微软Azure增长59%。谷歌没有提供该季度的确切数字,但表示:"谷歌的其它收入为64亿美元,同比增长39%,再次受到云计算的推动。"
Gartner在7月表示,AWS占有47.8%的份额,领先于Azure的15.5%和Google的4.0%。Canalys在10月份的排名为 AWS的32.6%,Azure的16.9%和Google的6.9%。多数人似乎都同意,尽管AWS仍在快速增长,但其整体市场份额仅下滑了一点。
AWS仍然是最大的IaaS(基础设施即服务)提供商。多少钱?Gartner在7月表示,AWS占有47.8%的份额,领先于Azure的15.5%和Google的4.0%。Canalys在10月份的排名为 AWS的32.6%,Azure的16.9%和Google的6.9%。多数人似乎都同意,尽管AWS仍在快速增长,但其整体市场份额仅下滑了一点。
分析师Canalys估计云市场份额,2019年10月
评测困难的原因有几个。一是IaaS是一个模糊的术语。毫无疑问,云托管的虚拟机(VM)是IaaS,但是云供应商热衷于销售他们的高级服务,这些服务朝着PaaS(平台即服务)甚至SaaS(软件即服务)发展。如果你放弃Office 365的所有功能,微软的市场份额就会大幅提升,因为AWS在SaaS方面几乎没有什么优势,这一点很重要,因为Office 365、Azure和本地应用之间的协同作用推动了微软的整体增长。另一个问题是,无论是微软还是谷歌都没有公布IaaS的收入,而是更倾向于公布百分比增长(当它适合他们的时候)。
2019年发生了什么?所有云供应商的产品发布源源不断,其中大多数都不是很有趣,但仍然有重要的新闻。如果你只能选一样东西,你会选什么?
对于AWS来说,这一点可能是Outposts,尽管它是在2018年底首次亮相的。Outposts提供了在AWS的体验,但是是物理上的本地,解决了延迟和合规性问题,同时也是运行服务器的一种昂贵方式。Canalys估计,"AWS将在三年内成为美国和西欧四大在线服务器供应商。"在过去,微软一直是混合云的领军者,拥有Azure Stack和Azure AD Connect等技术。Outposts不是完全一样的东西,但它是混合云,看起来是一个整洁的解决方案。
在谷歌云上,最重要的事情必须是Anthos,它是在4月份宣布的,或者可能是它背后的技术——是的,Kubernetes (K8s),这是一个容器编排平台,它是开源的,但是是由谷歌发明的。Anthos将K8s封装到一个混合云解决方案中,该解决方案允许您在本地、GCP甚至其他公有云上运行应用程序。K8s有着巨大的发展势头,它既是GCP最大的技术优势,也是AWS难以驾驭的技术——尽管AWS自称是最大的K8s云提供商。难怪AWS首席执行官Andy Jassy在谈到K8s时告诉我们,"我不相信有一种工具可以统治世界"。
微软呢?该公司是在2018年底完成了对GitHub的收购,但这可能是2019年感兴趣的关键点。特别是,Microsoft在devops方面做了有趣的工作,并为Azure提供了GitHub Actions的可用性。开发人员可以通过该方法使签入代码的过程自动化到部署容器化应用程序,Web应用程序或无服务器应用程序的整个过程,这可能是采用Azure云的强大动力。
我们参观了今年所有三大云活动。在伦敦的GCP Cloud Next,谷歌以其卓越的工程技术给人留下了深刻的印象,尽管与竞争对手相比,该平台的规模显得很小。Microsoft Ignite展示了该公司将云打包成易于采用的服务的能力,尽管总会有尴尬的角落,比如当我们问及Azure和英特尔投机性执行错误时,就会发生什么。AWS re:Invent的规模大得惊人,发布了令人印象深刻的Outposts公告,但也表现出了一些令人不安的迹象,不仅涉及k8,还对微软赢得美国国防部Jedi合同表示愤慨。
谁是2019最好的云?很难选出一个赢家。虽然2019年也许可以推出的是微软,而AWS似乎在2020年更有希望,然而谷歌可能会继续蚕食两者的市场份额。
Author: Tim Anderson
Translated from: https://www.theregister.co.uk/2020/01/02/amazon_google_microsoft_who_had_the_best_year_in_cloud_in_2019/
In 2019, three tech giants continued to dominate cloud computing, each bringing interesting tools to outcompete smaller players.
The big picture of the cloud market in 2019 hasn't fundamentally changed. The three major cloud service providers (or four if you consider Alibaba's growth in East Asia) all continue to grow at an amazing rate. In the quarter ending September 30, 2019, AWS revenue grew 34% year-over-year, while Microsoft Azure grew 59%. Google didn't provide exact numbers for the quarter but stated: "Google's other revenue was $6.4 billion, up 39% year-over-year, driven once again by cloud."
Gartner stated in July that AWS held a 47.8% share, leading Azure's 15.5% and Google's 4.0%. Canalys' October ranking showed AWS at 32.6%, Azure at 16.9%, and Google at 6.9%. Most seem to agree that while AWS is still growing rapidly, its overall market share has slipped slightly.
AWS remains the largest IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) provider. By how much? Gartner stated in July that AWS held a 47.8% share, leading Azure's 15.5% and Google's 4.0%. Canalys' October ranking showed AWS at 32.6%, Azure at 16.9%, and Google at 6.9%. Most seem to agree that while AWS is still growing rapidly, its overall market share has slipped slightly.
Analyst Canalys estimates cloud market share, October 2019
There are several reasons why evaluation is difficult. One is that IaaS is a vague term. Cloud-hosted virtual machines (VMs) are undoubtedly IaaS, but cloud providers are keen to sell their advanced services, which move toward PaaS (Platform as a Service) or even SaaS (Software as a Service). If you include all of Office 365's capabilities, Microsoft's market share would increase significantly, because AWS has little advantage in SaaS - this is important because the synergy between Office 365, Azure, and on-premises applications drives Microsoft's overall growth. Another issue is that neither Microsoft nor Google publishes IaaS revenue, preferring to report percentage growth (when it suits them).
What happened in 2019? All cloud providers had a steady stream of product launches, most of which weren't very interesting, but there was still important news. If you could only choose one thing, what would it be?
For AWS, it might be Outposts, although it was first unveiled in late 2018. Outposts provides the AWS experience but physically on-premises, solving latency and compliance issues, while also being an expensive way to run servers. Canalys estimates that "AWS will become one of the top four online server providers in the US and Western Europe within three years." In the past, Microsoft has been the leader in hybrid cloud with technologies like Azure Stack and Azure AD Connect. Outposts isn't exactly the same thing, but it is hybrid cloud and looks like a neat solution.
For Google Cloud, the most important thing must be Anthos, announced in April, or perhaps the technology behind it - yes, Kubernetes (K8s), a container orchestration platform that is open source but was invented by Google. Anthos wraps K8s into a hybrid cloud solution that allows you to run applications on-premises, on GCP, or even on other public clouds. K8s has tremendous momentum and is both GCP's biggest technical advantage and a technology that AWS finds difficult to manage - even though AWS claims to be the largest K8s cloud provider. No wonder AWS CEO Andy Jassy told us when discussing K8s, "I don't believe there's one tool to rule the world."
What about Microsoft? The company completed its acquisition of GitHub in late 2018, but this could be a key point of interest for 2019. In particular, Microsoft has done interesting work in DevOps and made GitHub Actions for Azure generally available. Developers can use this method to automate the entire process from checking in code to deploying containerized applications, web applications, or serverless applications, which could be a powerful driver for Azure cloud adoption.
We attended all three major cloud events this year. At GCP Cloud Next in London, Google impressed with its excellent engineering, even though the platform's scale seemed small compared to competitors. Microsoft Ignite demonstrated the company's ability to package cloud into easy-to-adopt services, though there are always awkward corners, like what happens when we ask about Azure and Intel speculative execution errors. AWS re:Invent was stunningly large, with impressive Outposts announcements, but also showed some troubling signs, not only regarding K8s but also expressing resentment about Microsoft winning the US Department of Defense Jedi contract.
Who was the best cloud in 2019? It's hard to pick a winner. While 2019 might belong to Microsoft, AWS seems more promising for 2020, yet Google may continue to erode both companies' market share.